Showing posts with label Leadership. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Leadership. Show all posts

92 Years Old Dr Mahathir Mohamad Makes Sworn in as World's Oldest Leader

Leadership
Dr Mahathir bin Mohamad محضير بن محمد
Born in 10th July 1925 (20th December 1925 ?), Mahathir Mohamad was sworn in on 10th May 2018 as the world's oldest elected leader after a stunning win that swept Malaysia's establishment from power after more than six decades.
The swearing-in ceremony took place at the royal palace in Kuala Lumpur on the same night and he became the country's seventh prime minister.

Events, Facts and and Timeline of Mahathir Mohamad


  • Born in the year 1925 in Alor Setar, the capital of the state of Kedah, British Malay.
  • Father : Mohamad bin Iskandar, an Indian Muslim and a teacher by profession.
  • Mother : Wan Tempawan Wan Hanapi
  • Married with Siti Hasmah Ali (1956) , a fellow medical student
  • Children : Maizura Mahathir, Marina Mahathir, Mazhar Mahathir, Melinda Mahathir, Mirzan Mahathir, Mokhzani Mahathir, Mukhriz Mahathir
  • Education : graduated from secondary school by completing Senior Cambridge exams in December 1946 and entered the King Edward VII College of Medicine in Singapore in 1947

Some other facts 


He became the oldest world leader when he was sworn into office as Prime minister of Malaysia on May 10, 2018, 15-years after retirement. He was previously also the Prime Minister of Malaysia during a period from July 1981 to October 2003.
A Physician by profession he is also known by his nickname  Dr M.
He wrote a book named The Malay Dilemma which was published in 1970, after loosing election. In his book he advocated Malay Right.
In his era Malaysia has become a major trading and economic force in the region.

Timeline


  • 1946 - joined the United Malays National Organization (UMNO)
    • 1964 - elected to Parliament for the first time
      • 1969 - lost in election and suspended from the UMNO
        • 1972 - returned back to UMNO
          • 1973 - appointed as a Senator in the Parliament
            • 1974 - elected as Education Minister
              • 1976 - became the Deputy Prime Minister
            • 1981 - in July elected as the fourth Prime Minister of Malaysia and kept additional charges to Home Ministry and Law & Justice
          • 1989 - in January had heart bypass surgery
        • 1998 - had dismissed his deputy Anwar Ibrahim accused him of sodomy and corruption
      • 2002 - announced his retirement plan
    • 2003 - on the day October 16 he claimed that Jews rule the world by proxy in a 57-nation Islamic Summit which was organized in Malaysia, which was largely condemned and criticized worldwide . On 31st October he retired and elevated his deputy Abdullah Ahmad Badawi.
  • 2007 - in September he had another heart bypass surgery following two consecutive heart attack in 10 months
    • 2008 - in the Month of May Malaysian Government had initiated an investigation into corruption by Mahathir administration in 1980s and in 1990s. He resigned from the UMNO on May 19
      • 2013 - on December 1 he had stepped down as an adviser from Petronas due to ill health
        • 2016 - on March 30 resigned as Chairman of the Board from Proton Holdings, the leading Car Manufacturer of the country, which was founded by Magathir in 1983 as the sole National auto company.
          • 2018 - Mahathir was chosen as prime ministerial candidate of the united oppositions . When he told that the country's interest was being suffered under the leadership of the Prime Minister Najib Razak. 
        • May 9, 2018 - Coalition of opposition parties under the leadership of Mahathir won 121 seats in the Parliament which was the comfortable majority to form the Government.
    • May 10, 2018 - Mahathir was sworn into office as Prime Minister by the Kimg Muhammad V.  the constitutional Head of Malaysia.

Oldest Prime Minister
Mahathir after winning election
                           

 Historic Verdict


Most of the people who follow International Politics along with people of Malaysia are quite surprised on the news that the Pakatan Harapan (Alliance of Hope) coalition of four parties has won a simple majority. It is a earth-shattering news that the Barisan Nasional (National Front) Government that had ruled Malaysia for 61 years is now in opposition.
In addition to the rejection of the past government on issues that include the IMDB scandal, three key trends can be discerned from this elections, which was orderly and surprisingly quite on the polling day. The Malaysian electorate has become much more mature, learning to be cautious and yet hold in voting for change.

First Trend : 

UNMO has traditionally depended upon the rural vote for its support and its other partners MCA (Malaysia Chinese Association), MIC (Malaysia Indian Congress) and Gerakan (People's Movement Party) are mainly to bolster the urban vote.
This time Gerakan loses all seats and the other two MCA and MIC have also wiped out with no major wins.

Partha Bose

Second Trend :

PAS, the Islamic party that focuses largely on religion, dropped three Parliamentary, but interestingly took back the East Coast State of Trengganu, so that it once again controls two states Kelatan and Trengganu. The PAS support amounted to 2.01 million or 16,88 per cent of total votes cast, an increase compared with 1.63 million votes or 14.78 per cent in 2013.
What the rise of Pakatan means is that urban Malay voters had voted for change of government and improvement in economic livelihood rather than voting along religious affiliations. Non-Malay voters, on the other hand, were put off by PAS's push for hudud laws and were uncomfortable with UNMO's flirting with PAS on areas touching on religion.

Third Trend :

The new government has the opportunity to engage in generational renewal by bringing in younger leaders from more diverse backgrounds into positions of authority. Time is of the essence, as Dr Mahathir has promised to stay on as Prime Minister for two years, before passing the baton to Anwar Ibrahim (71 ). Nothing would signal more the restoration of the rule of law than the immediate release of Ibrahim from jail.  

Oldest Political Leader
Mahathir's supporters in cheering mood

Alliance of Hope


Strange things are happening in Malaysia ; strange things sometimes do. At the ripe of age of 92, the very election of Dr. Mahathir Mohammad  as the world's oldest Prime Minister signifies what in judicial terminology is the rarest of the rare , in the political narrative. That development was reinforced on Friday (11th May, 2018) with yet another spin on the country's election drama when he announced plans for a royal pardon for Anwar Ibrahim - the former ally who was sacked and jailed when Mahathir was previously in power and who could now become his successor.
Malaysia
Jailed Anwar Ibrahim is set to release

There is no doubt that royalty has readily concurred with his plan of action, one that reaffirms the truism that there are no permanent enemies in politics. Mahathir said
The king has indicated he is willing to pardon Anwar immdiately. We will begin the proper process of obtaining a pardon.
This means a full pardon. He should be released immediately when he is pardoned.

Malaysia today bears witness to a quirk of history, if ever there was one. Indeed , the unlikely alliance of Mahathir and Anwar has been one of the many odd aspects of the election  
           

Final Thought


Theoretically, Mahathir's election had posited him to effect what in political science is called the
second act in politics
If indeed Anwar Ibrahim helms the government in due course of time, Mahathir will sacrifice the chance to right the wrongs that he was responsible for.
The alliance, that Dr. Mahathir now leads, was originally formed to oppose his own autocratic rule. He has let it be known that he will assume power, - only to hand it over to a 'former apprentice' who was jailed after the two fell out and still remains behind bars.
It is difficult to fathom the intricacies of the twists and turns of Malaysia's politics. Suffice to register that the country is on the turn.    
   

How Are We Prepare When A Robot Calls Us for Anything ?! Know Google's Duplex

Partha Bose
Updated on June 28, 2018

We believe it or not, but it happened on last Tuesday 8th May 2018, when Google CEO Sundar Pichai demonstrated the new technology, called Duplex, during the Company's annual conference for software developers. The Duplex is an artificially intelligence assistant that can call people up and interact with them - without anyone ever knowing they were speaking to a robot.

In his demonstration speech, Pichai has accounted that 60% of US small and medium enterprises do not have digital booking system. He emphasizes this Google Assistant will help them immensely.

When we talk about Artificial Intelligence (AI), we think and compare AI with the expression of human knowledge and emotions in a given circumstance. But this Google Assistant while talking to a human, deployed pauses and sound "ums", "hmm", "I gotcha" more like a human.

Google confirms, Duplex is able to understand complex sentences, fast speech and long remarks and so naturally converse and  make an appointment, before sending the user a notification to confirm the booking.

Pichai added
We really want to work hard to get this right.

Paradigm Shift


The minds behind Google Duplex are in the process of changing that paradigm, for better or worse.  In the first demo, a woman calls a hair saloon, where another woman answers the phone ; the two go back and forth for approximately one minute, before they figure out a time that works for a hair cutting appointment .  In the second demo the assistant pivots to make a new request when it does not get the reasonable information.

The Technology


Duplex was first launched as an experiment few years before  and was started by principal engineer Yaniv Leviathan and Yossi Matiass, vice president of engineering . Duplex brings together natural language processing, deep learning and text-to speech technology into one service.  The part that resonates most, though, is the "natural" bit—the engineers have trained the Duplex model to match expectations around latency, like pauses after someone says “Hello?”, and to change intonation depending on how the conversation flows. In other words, to react the way humans do when speaking on the phone.

New Challenge


Now the challenge is whether and how to alert people who may not know they are talking to a robot ?

The world is clearly divided. Matthew Fenech, who researches the policy implications of artificial intelligence (AI) for the London based  organization Future Advocacy says
That's very impressive, but it can clearly lead to more sinister uses of this type of technology. The ability to pick up on nuance, the human uses additional small phrases - these sorts of cues are very human, and clearly the person on the other end didn't know.

Fenech also pointed out that it is possible to identify nefarious uses of similar kind chat bots like spamming businesses, scamming seniors or making malicious calls using someone's voice.
"You can have potentially very destabilizing situations where people are reported as saying something they never said

Read more at: https://phys.org/news/2018-05-robots-humans.html#jCp

He also said
You can have potentially very destabilizing situations where people are reported as saying something they never said

Although Google tried to emphasize that the technology is still in experimental stage and not available for consumer devices and it will be rolled out very cautiously when it will fit to use.
 
Google engineers Yaniv and Yossi wrote in blog-post yesterday,
It's important to us that users and businesses have a good experience with this service, and transparency is a key part of that

Read more at: https://phys.org/news/2018-05-robots-humans.html#jCp
 It is important to us that users and businesses have a good experience with this service and transparency is the key part of that. We want to be clear about the intent of the call so businesses understand the context. we will be experimenting with the right approach over the coming months.

    This is the 4 minutes video which demonstrates Duplex



It is still not known how Duplex Technology will address the issues like telecommunications laws which varies globally.
Various ethical and practical questions like consent for call recording, blocking of unsolicited calls etc. etc. are obviously likely to come over the implementation of Duplex for B2B or B2C relationships.

Chris Messina - the product designer , famous for inventing hashtag during his time at Twitter - described the Duplex Technology as
the most incredible, terrifying thing

Google also demonstrated how it was developing tools that could construct  whole bots out of people's voices. It showed John Legend recording just a few choice phrases, for instance - which were then synthesized using artificial intelligence into a voice that could be made to say anything and still, sound like the singer.
It is clearly understandable that when Google voice calls us using Duplex could have any voice - making it hard to recognize when it is not a real person.

Conclusion


As of now, Duplex is intended to handle rote responses, like asking to talk to a representative or simple formulaic social interaction. Even so , the programmed Duplex's capability to handle confusion (as on the second demo) is still a significant step forward. With the improvement of  AI , voice quality will improve and it will become better at answering more types of questions.
We are obviously still a long way from creating a conscious AI, but we are getting better at the tasks our systems can handle -- and faster than many would've  thought possible.



Update
June 26,2018  

The Search Giant confirms its plan for a rollout of Duplex after carefully addressing the concerns and worries that they had received in the form of feed back against the initial demo in May 2018. Please read the full report    Google prepping its Duplex bot for a summer rollout.

Some Life Changing Inspirations of 'Unstoppable' Jon Morrow

Inspirations
Jon Morrow - has a  neuromuscular disorder called Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA). It's a form of a muscular dystrophy that primarily affects children.

We come across some moments in our life when we meet some people face-to-face or read their life story or even hear about them who change our perspective towards our life and our surrounding world. When odds are stacked in front of us we try find ways to be persistent in our work. Sometimes we find success but most of the cases we fail then try to find reasons to justify our failure.

Jon Morrow at the age about one,was diagnosed with a rare form of muscular dystrophy and expected life span was 3 years. He has a  neuromuscular disorder called Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA). It's a form of a muscular dystrophy that primarily affects children. His mother lost all hopes. She was speechless, was crying and was praying to be wrongly known about it. But she could ask the doctor a typical question
What is going to happen to my child
The doctor pronounced
Where most children grow stronger as they get older, your son is going to get weaker. He’ll lose the ability to move. He’ll lose the ability to breathe on his own. And one day, he’ll catch an infection that will spread into his respiratory system, giving him severe pneumonia
She held the hand of the doctor and stopped and asked
You’re saying he is going to die?
The doctor nodded
There are three types of SMA. Caught this early, your son almost certainly has Type I. Most children with Type I die of pneumonia before the age of two.,,,,. I’m sorry.
But his mother had not accepted the doctors advice, in whose eye her baby was already dead. She determined to fight pneumonia herself for her son.
She fought off 16 times in first 16 years of her child Jon's life. Now at his mid thirties, he never thinks that he'll die. He lives his life to the fullest, with an attitude better than many able-bodied human being.


Motivation
Every day I wake up with that gun to my head. Every day I live

In a 2017 interview he told

I am one of the oldest people alive with my disease. Many of us die in an assisted living home, many die from an extra dose of morphine to speed things along....
There was a gun to my head. The gun was, I didn’t want to be in an assisted living home, watching TV all day, waiting to die...

Every day I wake up with that gun to my head. Every day I live

He dealt with a life threatening car accident in April 2006, his legs were broken at 14 places and he recovered from more than 50 broken bones in his lifespan. He was hospitalized for three months. In his lifespan he spent few years in the hospitals. He described it, in his blog How I quit my Job


For the next three months, I had nothing to do but endure the pain and think about my life. I thought about my childhood. I thought about my dreams. I thought about my career.
And overall, I decided I didn’t like the way things were going

Inspiration # 1 - from his mother Pat - Ability in Disability 


When Jon was admitted into kindergarten school, one fellow kid called him 'disabled'. Jon then did not know the meaning of  'disabled'.  The fellow kid did not tell him the meaning, when Jon asked him to clarify, he just laughed.
Later in home Jon asked her mother. She thought for a while and gave him a clear meaning of the term 'disabled'
It means you can’t do something as well as someone else. But it also goes the other way.
Everyone in the world can’t do something as well as someone else
So everyone in a sense is disabled.
It gave Jon a sense of his abilities rather than disability, He nurtured those abilities and mastered them.
Stopping to think of the true definition of disability can be very deceiving. Being physically challenged in life is a mindset and how we perceive our lives and the actions we take determine the outcome.  

 

Inspiration # 2 - from the Boxing Ring - The Art of  The Counter Punch


In his own writing Jon emphasizes how he learned the art of counter attack and applied in his own life to overcome his differential in relation to others. Although he can only move his eyes and lips, other parts of the body are paralyzed.


Inspiration - the art of the counter punch
John Morrow's famous counter punch analogy


The beginners in boxing are told the importance of counter punch.  In his words
By attacking you, your opponent has to let his guard down, and it creates a brief but very real opportunity for you to sneak in a blow. You just have to train yourself to spot the opening.


Ironically he spotted the best time to attack his opponent and that turns out to be right after he attacks us. In fact, the stronger the attack, the bigger the opportunity for a counter punch.

And it’s true for more than just boxing. In life, every difficulty carries with it a corresponding opportunity of equal size.
Jon fixed his mind after the car accident, when he was in hospital, hired an attorney to settle his medical expenses. It had given him miraculously financial support and enough free time to nurture his hidden ability. As he thought , a lot of people in his condition would have flopped down in front of TV and fantasized. But Jon used his presence of his mind and hoped for opportunity. As he loved writing he decided to use the time of rehab to write more.
He started with Journaling his thoughts and emotions to get rid of the trauma. He enjoyed it so much that he decided to start Blogging. And in 60 days time his blogs made huge sensation in the international blogging arena. He got offers from media houses to write for them and that had him an opportunity to start his consulting site for blogging tips.
Eventually he settled in Mexico and live the life of his dream.

Here is his Punch and Counter-punch analogy from his own writing


Punch: 

None of the cool kids in school wanted to be friends with me, because the wheelchair makes them uncomfortable. I become an outcast.

Counter-punch:

I hang out with the other outcasts: nerds. They teach me how to code, and I started writing my own software by the age of 12.

Punch: 

I can’t play sports, go swimming, or any of the other fun stuff kids do. I’m stuck inside, trapped in a body that can’t move.

Counter-punch: 

To keep from going crazy, I read half a dozen books a week. By the time I graduated high school, I’ve read more than most of my teachers.

Punch:

I get accepted into MIT, but I’m dirt poor. For a year, I beg for help, but everyone ignores me. I have to turn down the offer.

Counter-punch: 

I apply to my somewhat crappy local university, and they offer me a full scholarship. I graduate debt-free.
Jon never looks for his luck to turn around but he spots for the opening in every trauma and turns it into triumph.

No matter how bad and hopeless the situation is, there is always an opportunity to turn in to our advantage. We need the discipline to spot the opening and find the courage to use it.

   

Inspiration # 3 - Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type 1 - Handling Pain


In our life, we experience many punches on our face. It may be hard or soft but our life designed itself to face the punches. Sometimes we may not notice it but the point is true for everyone of us. How well are we prepared to face the punches make us understand the hit.

Jon is the definite example of experiencing punches, living with a life with a severe disability. Since the day he was born, muscular dystrophy ensures him daily hard beating.     

He wrote
It’s made me incredibly strong. I can take any punch life throws at me without even breaking stride.

The advantage of pain is that the more we experience it, the more we can handle it in the future and less it knocks us off out of the game.
The way we respond to the pains is the key factor to handle the situation. If we feel depressed and weak, unable to cope with difficulties of life, it is not that we are flawed. But certainly we are unprepared for the pain we are facing.


The problem, ironically, is that you have not suffered enough.

In contrary we need to train ourselves to handle the pain and increase our tolerance limit. The degree of success we achieve is directly proportional to the amount of pain we can tolerate. we need to endure ourselves to that level that can handle the pain of all those success required to achieve. It prepares ourselves when we experience punches in our face which is inevitable as per the law of nature.


Inspiration # 4 - The Car Accident - The Secret of Survival


It was April 2006, Jon was hit by a car, drove by a teenager Bill, speeding at 85 miles per hour. He got severely injured and admitted in the hospital with his legs broken at 14 places. He spent a month in the hospital and another few months in the rehab. The hospital bill rose about $130,000. Luckily he could settle it through Bill's Insurance Policy by appointing an attorney. The doctors advised one year recovery period.


Jon Morrow
Jon's Minivan after the Crash


 The situation was as if it was not enough for Jon, he wrote
I was already dealing with Medicaid, poverty, and muscular dystrophy. Life decided to pile on a little extra, just to see how much I could take

He recounted, how easy it would have been to sink into despair. Or was it a rage against unfairness. Or take some extra dose of morphine and end it all.  

But he did nothing. He wrote


Mostly, I was able to handle it because I’d been conditioned by all the other difficulties of my life, but it was also because I deliberately shifted my perspective.

The incessant unfairness, for most us,  come at blow and unable to handle when we think the outcome , what will be the reactions of people around us etc etc. which takes out all of energies and we fail to address the reality.

He recounted the situation as
If I allowed myself to be angry at Bill for even one moment, I may have sunk into a pit of rage and despair so deep I would’ve never climbed out of it. Instead, I forced myself to say, “Okay, this is my life now. What’s next?” After all, I couldn’t change what happened. The only thing I had control over was how I responded to that change, and the first and most critical response was total and complete acceptance.   

Here is the point that some or if not most of us consider acceptance as weakness and compare acceptance as defeat to the situation.

But it is proven that It is only by acknowledging reality that we can create a plan to change that reality. Acceptance as it turns out, is the first step to victory.     

The attorney whom Jon hired, settled the medical bills , rehab costs and other formalities so well that Jon got enough money to buy a new car and square off all debts. He only spends six months in rehab despite the doctors told him to stay for a year. He resumed his life even healthier than it was before the accident.    

Inspiration # 5 - nothing to lose - Courage to face Anything 


Jon has faced the question several times, why he chose to move to Mexico when he was facing bankruptcy, no friends, no back-up plan. There were chances that it could have gone wrong. Knowing about the hazards on the road, immigration problem, starving to death as he has no money to afford food, it was a very very difficult adventure for Jon to take.
The medical bill for him to stay alive was $127,000 in US. But it was covered under Medicaid. In his interview Jon tells he had received 12 Job offers but could not accept it as eligibility of  Medicaid is for those who earns $700 per month or less. If he accepted one of those offers, he could have lost the benefit of Medicaid which was his lifeline.
By moving in to Mexico he could reduce the medical bill to $18,000, which made him a room to earn from his job.
He planned for earning about $5,000 per month and set himself all out and succeeded.
In his words
To get myself to take action, I didn’t meditate, clear my mind, and proceed to do the impossible with calmness and confidence. I woke up each morning and pictured what would happen if I didn’t act. I envisioned the heart monitor, the nurse, my body being pushed into the flames. I deliberately put myself into a state of such intense terror that everything I had to do felt manageable by comparison.

He wins all his worries by repeating the words as his response
True, but that’s still better than dying in a nursing home.

Moral of the story


We should not live our life in fear and worry which is yet to happen or may not happen at all.The moment we have faced down  the impossible situation, we must stop torturing ourselves. Find a positive attitude and go about your life. Fear is fuel , burn it and win it.      


Inspiration # 6 - The Unstoppable - Embrace the Crazy


The world provide us enough material to be reasonable. But for Jon himself asked

Was it reasonable for me to give up all my government benefits and move to a country not exactly known for its stellar medical care?

Was it reasonable to work 40+ hours a week for a company that didn’t pay me a dime?

Was it reasonable for me to start a business when failure would’ve meant starving to death on the streets of Mexico?

Not in the slightest. It was actually pretty crazy

In his point, when we face a crazy situation, sometimes the only way out is to take a bold move. That may appear insane, but it may not be so, as the alternative might be worse.

Embrace the crazy
It is the most terrible life lesson I ever come across in my life. Probably you won't unless you know Jon Morrow or Stephen Hawking.


We are not used to think in that way; and choose to be in a comfortable alternative. Jon's advice is, we must recognize the crazy options that are available in our vision and train ourselves in a way to face them right away if they appear to us face to face all of a sudden.  
       
He copes with fair amount of health adversity like Back Pain. It may surprise us that he feels sensation from neck down. Because his disease only affects motor neuron not the sensory ones. So it is clearly understood that what he faces in terms of Pain.
Yes there are some reasonable medical treatments available for some relief but not for the cure.
But in his alternative arrangement of some crazy solution is also available. They are :
  • Buy a $5,000 bed that’s like floating on a pocket of air, lie down in it, and never move again, conducting all my business from bed for the rest of my life.
  • Destroy all the nerve endings in my back, making it totally numb. Believe it or not, this is an actual medical procedure. It’s called denervation.
  • Sever my spine, losing not only sensation but also the ability to breathe without a respirator. Obvious drawbacks, and I’m not sure I could get a doctor to do it, but still better than the last option…
  • Suicide

Is he seriously considering any of the option he noted ? Not at all, the pain is not so bad enough to take such a drastic measure.  

No matter how impossible the situation appears, we are never trapped. There are always options available. We need keep our senses open for the opportunity.


Inspiration # 7 - Ribs are breaking but don't suffocate - Never Give UP


It is the most terrible life lesson I ever come across in my life. Probably you won't unless you know Jon Morrow or Stephen Hawking.
Jon was suffering breathing problem weeks after one of 16 times Pneumonia attack. His mother rammed her hands into his ribs, forcing the air from his lungs. He coughed, the mucus was ratting deep in his chest . Then he screamed.
A respiratory infection is dangerous for patient like Jon, it is almost like a death call for him. He didn't have the strength to cough himself, so doctors trained his mother to thrust her hands into his ribs  to give necessary force.
That worked well, but with terrible cost.
Every time when his mother helped him to cough some ribs were cracking, the bones grind together and fracture a little more.
But they could not stop. If they did, doctors were absolutely certain, he would suffocate and die.

His mother would shove almost hundred times a day on his broken ribs. He screamed, cried, begged her to stop. Still a child, Jon could not understand why she had to hurt him so much. Even today he marvels of his mother's act.

But she did for weeks.

One night, when Jon was lying on his bed, his mother brought a plaque of quote by Winston Churchill and put in on the table beside him. It is still there on Jon's Table.

Partha Bose

 'Say the words' . She said.

Jon shook  his head. 'It hurts'.

“Whisper them, then,” she said, and so I did. Every night, she would push on my ribs a dozen times before going to bed, and every night, she would make me whisper the words…

Never, Never, Never Give Up 


We wish that we could become more like Jon, motivated by our fears. If there’s one takeaway, it is that fear is an opportunity if drawn in the right perspective.     
  
 

.      

Ingvar Kamprad - Life and Lessons

IKEA
IKEA founder Ingvar Kamprad
Ingvar Kamprad, the IKEA founder who turned a small scale mail order business into a global furniture empire, has died at 91 on last Saturday 27th January, 2018.
Born in March 30, 1926, Kampard was a precious entrepreneur. At the age 17 years, he had stared selling match boxes to neighbors from his bicycle. He found that he could buy them very cheaply from Stockholm and sell them at a low price but still make a good profit. From matches, he explored to selling fish, Christmas Tree decorations, seeds and later ballpoint pens and pencils.
Kampard soon moved away from making individual sales calls and began advertising in local newspapers and operating a makeshift mail-order catalog. He distributed his products by the local milk-van, which delivered the items to the nearby train station.
In 1950,  Kampard introduced furniture into his catalogue, pieces that were produced by local manufacturers in the forest area close to his home. Getting positive response, he soon decided to go for furniture business by discontinuing all other products. Hence IKEA was formed.

Innovation
An IKEA Location


Kampard formed the company's name from his own initials and the first letters of the family farm, Elmtaryd and the parish of Agunnaryd where it is located.


Early Life-> Pain-> Struggle-> Dream


Ingvar was born in a small farming village Smaland where his grandfather killed himself in fear of debt burden. However his German grandmother and his father could manage the family business by hardship. His father initially was not happy with Ingvar's performance in school. He had dyslexia . But Ingvar determined himself to prove his worth by tremendous hard-work. He did well and his proud father gave him some money as reward. He invested that money to start his business.

Over the next seven decades Kamprad built IKEA into the world's furniture retailer with about 400 stores in 29 countries., sales of $47.6 billion, more than 930 million store visits and 210 million recipients of catalogues in 32 languages.

Bloomberg Billionaire Index listed him as 8th richest person in the world ,worth $58.7 billion. However he maintained his life down to earth. He drove a modest Volvo and dressed unassumingly. He practiced thrift and diligence all along his life and portrayed those traits as the basis of IKEA;s success. He flew only economy class, stayed in budget hotels, ate cheap meals. shopped for bargains. In a 1998 book that he co-authored about IKEA's history, he described his habit of visiting the vegetable market right before it closed; hoping to get a cheaper price.
 
IKEA Sverigo, the chain's Swedish operation said on Twitter that Kamprad died peacefully following a short illness on Saturday at his home in Smaland, Southern Sweden. The company also said,
He will be much missed and warmly remembered by his family and IKEA staff all around the world.

Jesper Brodin, CEO and President of the IKEA Group said Kamprad's
legacy will be admired for many years to come and vision- to create a better everyday life for many people - will continue to guide and inspire us   

IKEA's Innovation and Legacy

Ingvar Kamprad
Inside the IKEA Showroom

What techniques do people take in the most extreme situations to make decisions? What can we learn from them to make more rational and quick decisions ?
If these techniques work in most extreme and drastic scenarios , they have good chance of working for us.
By the story of IKEA over the years in various forms , there are many lessons to take from the one-time startup.

Consumer Inconvenience

The great innovation that Kamprad discovered was that consumer inconvenience could be lucrative. Youngme Moon, a professor of Havard Business School wrote in her book Different :
Most global brands built their reputations around a set of positives - the good things they do for their customers. What's intriguing about IKEA is that it has consciously built its reputation around a set of negatives - the service elements it has deliberately chosen to withhold from its consumers.
IKEA is quite literally the antithesis of the view that the consumer is always right. 

The right price and product mix

Kamprad realized that with low price, high quality and effective solutions, consumers would be driven to IKEA stores as destination shopping experience. For this IKEA designed products that can be flat-packed to reduce massive packing and transportation cost. The products are being sold with ease to fit assembly manual.
IKEA purposely built big warehouses to sell its products on the outskirts of the cities near major ports or transportation hub - improving logistics while cutting the costs due to cheaper rents and larger scale. For example the Poang Chair's price is now $79 while it was $300 when launched in 1980.
According to Kamprad,
To design a desk which may cost $1000 is easy for a furniture designer, but to design a functional and good desk which shall cost only $50 can only be done by the very best. We have decided once and for all to side with the many. What is good for our customers is also, in the long run, good for us.
Since then the IKEA concept - keeping prices low by letting the customers assemble the furniture themselves - offers affordable home furnishings at stores across the globe.

Setting Example and Lead by them.


Kamprad employed  a brilliant metaphor for this. He believes that the best way to encourage hard work and a strong character in others was to exemplify that in his own life.

IKEA
Ingvar Kamprad - March 30 1926 - January 27 2018




As the New York Times beautifully stated in its edition dated 28th January 2018 ,

Kamprad was, like his designer wares, a studied Every-man. He cultivated a provincial openness: curious about everything, but a face lost in the crowd. He was bespectacled and balding. with wisps of greying hair plastered down the sides,  jowls, and a pointed chin. His blue denim shirts and Khaki pants might have been a gardener's but there was hard individuality in dark eyes and compressed lips.
While he lived mostly in seclusion, he traveled to IKEA stores around the world, sometimes strolling in-anonymously and questioning employees as if he were a customer and customers as if he were solicitous employee. He spoke at IKEA board meetings and occasionally lectured at Universities. He rarely gave interviews, but made no secret of alcoholism, saying he controlled it by drying out three times a year.
 According to Kamprad
I'm a bit tight with money, but so what? I look at the money I'm about to spend on myself and ask myself if IKEA's customers can afford it. I could regularly travel first class, but having money in abundance doesn't seem like a good reason to waste it, if there is such a thing as good leadership, it is to give a good example. I have to do so for all the IKEA employees.

Time Management

Kamprad's frugality is matched only by his desire to never waste his time. We only have so many hours to get work done and to accomplish our goals. Every little step that we take to build our business will add up to big movements forward but we have to the time in to turn our vision into reality. Kamprad has built the IKEA corporate philosophy around efficiency and hard work. IKEA has always kept few layers of management, practically eliminated titles and privileges and has almost no suits and ties in the office.

According to Kamprad,
Time is your most important resource. You can do so much in ten minutes. Ten minutes, once gone, are gone for good. Ten minutes are not just one-sixth of your hourly pay. Ten minutes are a piece of yourself. Divide your life into ten-minutes units and sacrifice as few of them as possible in meaningless activities.
 In 1953, Kamprad opened a showroom in Almhult, by 1958 that eventually became the first IKEA store. In 1960s  IKEAs opened in Stockholm, elsewhere in Sweden as well as Denmark and Norway. Threatened by the company's growing presence, its competitors organized a boycott by IKEA's suppliers, but it backfired. Kamprad went to Poland for sourcing that cut costs further.
From 1970 to 2000 IKEA opened stores and became popular in Canada, USA, Europe, Russia and China. The company owned vast majority of its stores, though about 10 percent are franchise operations.
In 1976, Kamprad moved to Switzerland. In 1982 he transferred control to the Dutch Foundation and in 2013 he stepped down from the board of Inter IKEA Group, a key company within the business and named his youngest son Mathias, as its Chairman. His other two sons also held key positions. Kamprad  announced his retirement in 1986, but continued traveling to IKEA stores and making major decisions.

He told to Forbes in 2000,

I see my task as serving the majority of people. The question is, how do you find out, what they want, how best to serve them? My answer is to stay close to ordinary people, because at heart I am one of them.     

                

What I have learned from Judy and Jack C Gilles

Vesuvius India Limited
Facilitator of Transformational Leadership Lab
The moment I am reflecting is about 20 years before I had first attended the course called Transformational Leadership Lab which was facilitated by Judy and Jack Gilles , ICA : India. I was then employed with Vesuvius India Limited (VIL). In the next 5 years period I could attend another 2 short-duration exercises with them all courtesy to VIL. I had attended Judy and Jack Gilles sessions with the other executives. The course was designed for oneself to understand individual worth and how she/he can transform herself/himself from individual contributor to an organizer very effectively in the line of organization's Mission and Vision. Empowerment was the keyword of the total course. A case study by Suzy Wetlaufer was given to us prior to the course . The study was based on an interview with Roger Sant and Dennis Bakke of AES Corporation, the global electricity company based in Arlington , Virginia. As Suzy stated
Empowered organizations are said to be hothouses of autonomy and trust, where people at all levels take full responsibility for their work and for their organization's performance.    

But there are skepticism on the practices of Empowerment. However I am not taking it forward to the organization perspective, rather I shall try to tell my experiences with Judy and Jack, and how it is still very important and significant to me.

Lesson I- Knowing Self


I refer to one paragraph of 'Veda', it is told like
In the beginning, in truth, there was nothing at all. There was no heaven, no earth, no atmosphere. This being that was solely non-being, conceived a wish 'May I be'

We may accept or reject the contents of this Cosmogony. One truth comes out of it, that behind all creative efforts in every spheres of life, is an act of Will. But what is Will? Where from does it originate? Swami Vivekananda told
Will is the compound of self and mind
Self is the real soul. It is beyond causation. It is undifferentiated consciousness. In the consciousness there is no Will, because Will presupposes reaction to something external and others. Mind is subtle matter.
Therefore it is clear that will has two strands, one of the spirit and other of the matter, strand of light and strand of darkness.

Jack had given us two tasks. First was to fill a Table tiled as 'Significance of myself' (based on past experiences) and Second was to draw life path (based on aspirations) with the headlines
  • Learning
    • Transition
      • Transformation
        • New Mission
          • Significance - Settling down for next birth
Leadership

Photo by Jakob Owens on Unsplash

 First Task 

It is about leveraging over past real world experiences which provide a foundation to become a transformed leader. To be fare it was a tremendous task for me probably for most of the participants.
After putting the words/data, I realized and quite surprised with the facts and so many things that happened in my life which I was holding in my subconscious that directs my stand at that point of time. I had encountered so many persons and they hold their presence in my subconscious without my direct knowledge. Combination of all these experiences are my behavioral pattern at any point of my life span. By minding , cleaning and scientifically organizing our subconscious we can step forward.

Aspiration

Second Task 

It is about questioning our aspiration. What do we actually want to do, say, for instance, 20 years or 40 years down the line. In working terms, it is that creative and positive function of mind which impels, propels and enables us to do a chosen work, in a definitive way and avoid doing an un-chosen work in the same definitive way. It is that power of mind which enable us to do a job which is known to be right and not to do the job which is known to be wrong, under any circumstance favorable or unfavorable, known or unknown. The two most commendable aspirations are 'worldly prosperity and well being' and 'spiritual illumination and freedom'.

Morning Exercise with Judy- One with the Universe

It was a daily routine we all together worked out with Judy , freehand , postures and breathing
Leadership Lab

Photo by Tom Sodoge on Unsplash
exercise. With the command and commentary of Judy we felt oneness with the Universe. In the course of exercise Deepak Chopra's observation was referred.
We can understand reality through the senses, mind and the soul. We understand reality mainly through our senses. But what we understand through the mind is more significant. Scientists conduct thought experiments. The essential nature of material reality is its being non-material. It consists of just states of energy and vibrations coming out of a void. Our senses are the least reliable because they lie to us. Hence we need to see reality through the eyes of the soul.
When use our senses, we are following the materialistic way of seeing reality which states that if one can understand how molecules behave then one can understand life.

What is the purpose of my life?!

Jack asked us to write few sentences or at-least  one sentence. This question still bothers me, I believe till the end of my life the question will remain as
Is there a good enough purpose to exist?
Our experience of life itself has not become grand and worthwhile enough. That is why we do not find an answer. To find an answer we must learn to enhance our life to it's maximum potential. By controlling senses we can get rid off anger, agitation, irritation, anxiety or anything like that. Then we can experience pleasant physical and mental condition. If we can manage to remain in continual state of blissfulness, our intelligence increases significantly. This is the fundamental mechanism of human being. Until we experience our grandeur existence and magnificent nature of our being, the question will remain unanswered. To be in meaningful existence we need to do nothing. If we can sit for a moment and meditate on the real nature of our being, we can understand that we don't need to do anything. Just being alive is good enough.

7 Habits - The courage to change

Jack had given utmost importance on Stephen R Covey's the 7 Habits of Highly Effective People.
Leadership Lab
Stephen R Covey
The course was designed with the video clips of Covey.s lectures. It was an amazing experience. He was telling stories and relate morals with Habit no.s :
  • Habit:1 - Be Proactive
    • Habit:2 - Begin with the End in Mind
      • Habit:3 - Put First Things First
        • Habit:4 - Think Win-Win
          • Habit:5 - Seek First to Understand Then to Be Understood
            • Habit:6 - Synergize
              • Habit:7 - Sharpen the Saw
I can still remember some story titles that have huge influence in my mind. Those are
  • Living for Today
  • My Flower Shop
  • The Surprise Visit
  • Stephanie's Recovery Plan
  • Merging Missions
And some more.

Emotional Bank Account

The Emotional Bank Account is a metaphor for the amount of trust in a relationship. Like a financial bank account, it's something we make deposits into and withdraws from. Actions such as seeking first to understand, being kind, making and keeping promises and being loyal to the absent increase the balance of trust. Being unkind, breaking promises and gossiping about someone who is absent decrease or even bankrupt the trust in a relationship.    

Paradigm

A paradigm is the way each person sees the world, not necessarily the way it is in reality. It's the map, not the territory. It's our lens, through which we view everything, formed by our upbringing and cumulative experience and choices.
 


7 Habits for the Highly Effective People


Witnessing

In the second session, one afternoon we were assembled on the beautiful field. Jack asked us to go separately anywhere , stay for sometime and comeback. I among others went one corner and come back . He then asked every one to tell what we saw. We tried to say something. Then again he asked to go to the same place and try to see something more if you can. We again went to the same place. As I wanted see more then I found a tree. Came back and told the same. He then asked me to go to the same place try to observe and report. I again went there and saw two nests and some birds on the branches of the tree which I had not noticed earlier . I came back and told this to Jack. He was happy but  again told me to go there and come back. I was so surprised to see some ants , one branch was broken and many things . The same thing had happened to every participants. Jack then explained us the meaning of viewing, seeing, observing, and witnessing. When we witness, we can understand how the universal laws and nature's forces are working continuously.
Osho states
Meditation starts being separate from the mind, by being a witness. That is the only way of separating yourself from anything. If you are looking at the light, naturally one thing is certain: you are not the light, you are the one who is looking at it. If you are watching the flowers, one thing is certain, you are not the flower, you are the watcher.
Watching is the key of meditation
Watch your mind.
Don't do anything- no repetition of mantra, no repetition of the name of God- just watch whatever the mind is doing. Don't disturb it, don't prevent it, don't repress it, don't do anything at all on your part. You just be a watcher and the miracle of watching is meditation. As you watch, slowly mind becomes empty of thoughts; but you are not falling asleep, you are becoming more alert, more aware.       
         

 Gung Ho

Win Win, Harmony
Gung Ho Moment

Jack arranged to show the movie Gung Ho to us . It was also an amazing experience. An American Wheel dealer who hopes to save Pennsylvania town by getting a Japanese automobile manufacturer to buy the town's biggest employer- a falling automobile assembly factory (Habit:1- Be Proactive). The dealer goes to Japan to convince the Japanese(Habit:2- Begin with the End in Mind) that buying this factory is in mutual interest (Habit:4- Think Win-Win). The rest of the movie is about how the Japanese and American cultures try to work together to successfully run the factory. For the most part, the Japanese management and the American workers can not manage to get along because of cultural differences. However the story ends on a positive note when Japanese and Americans are able to cooperate with each other and reach their very high production target to avoid a lockout (Habit: 5- Seek First to Understand, Then to Be Understood and Habit:6- Synergize).
The car manufacturer is a Japanese company. The name Gung Ho is an Americanized Chinese expression. Gung translates as Work or To Work and Ho means Together or in Harmony reflecting the Team Work ethic portrayed in the movie's story line.   

Please watch the clip of morning Exercise - Movie Gung Ho






Lagaan


Vesuvius India Limited
Teaming Up

Jack insisted us to watch the movie Lagaan and explained how one man army builds a Regiment. Lagaan is a story of a battle fought by a group of villagers led by Bhuvan , an enigmatic farmer with courage born of conviction and a dream in his heart. A story of extraordinary circumstances thrust upon ordinary people. Faith and courage come face to face with arrogance and ruthlessness. Ultimately the human spirit triumphs.

Gesture - Namaste or Namaskar

Jack emphasized the gesture Namaskar in utmost importance when we see a person in our workplace or on the street or anywhere by putting the palms together and bowing down, is born of a profound
Instruments of the Creator
Namaste !
understanding of the human behavior.
Hands are the operational instruments of the creator. If we look at the sky, the gesture teaches us to bow down. This practice is a constant reminder that the source of creation is within us. If we are able to understand and recognize the source , we are paving the way to the ultimate nature every time when we do Namaskar.

 
   





There are more

Jack had discussed and taught us how to create a Personal Mission Statement by proper and scientifically defined our life Roles; and how to evaluate and reflect it in our day to day life.
Leader Behavior Analysis and SLII : The Model of the four Leadership styles as well as the Introduction to the Focused Conversation Method were among the most interesting Lessons we had  learned from him. As these are a bit technical, therefore, I prefer not to elaborate more in this scope of writing a blog on Jack and Judy Gilles.

Final Thought - Pleasure in Leisure

Panic and Uncertainty is the key phrase in our day to day modern lifestyle about what to do with free time. Or else are we able to find a free time for us?! Technology is supposed to solve this problem, but it doesn't. What does it mean to spend free time well? Nobody knows. One can only spend free time well if one has an inner life. Thinking, introspection and discovering things by oneself leads to it.
The constant overload of information does not allow us breathing space. The exchange of communication between people, via social media tools, such as emails, Twitter, Facebook etc does not allow the full freedom of expression.
Jack emphasized on the breathing space for nurturing creativity.
Leisure comes in three forms as Robert Dessaix reveals, which can be understood from observing a  pack of animals, like the dog.
After you have hunted and eaten, you do nothing. It is restorative and wonderful, and you should not feel guilty about it. An activity that allows this, is smoking, but unfortunately, it kills you. The second type is nesting which can only be done with your domestic partner. The third type is what I like to call play. This includes activities we like doing, like hobbies. Some of the greatest inventions have come from play, and not work.
Jack and Judy provide an engaging insight into how we can reclaim the pleasures of relaxation, leisure and enjoying life in spite of having long working hours and a hectic lifestyle. It should be done for our own sake.         


Watch here - End of Gung Ho - 'Working Class Man'



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